Influencia de los hábitos deportivos en el conocimiento, calidad e higiene del sueño adolescente / Influence of sports habits on adolescent sleep knowledge, quality and hygiene

El hábito deportivo resulta esencial para el descanso nocturno del adolescente de Bachillerato. Este estudio analiza la influencia de la práctica deportiva sobre tres variables: conocimiento, calidad e higiene del sueño. Los 145 adolescentes (M = 16.72; DE = 0.74) que componen la muestra reportaron un deficiente conocimiento en nociones del sueño (SBS = 12.04), una pobre calidad del sueño (AYA-PSQI-S = 8.36) y una perfectible higiene del sueño (ASHSr = 4.26). Sin embargo, el 83.6% de los estudiantes que realizaban actividad física demostraron puntuaciones medias totales más altas en las tres variables, asumiendo diferencias significativas (p < 0.05) en las dimensiones de duración y eficiencia del sueño, en comparación al alumnado sedentario. Además, según el estudio, el ejercicio actúa como protector ante la deficitaria calidad de sueño y como impulsor de la higiene del sueño. Por su parte, la alta intensidad de la práctica de ejercicio físico está relacionada con un mejor desempeño en la dimensión de duración de sueño y un mayor autoconcepto, teniendo en cuenta que horas de práctica tardías están relacionadas negativamente con la hora de cenar, postergando el descanso. El hábito deportivo influye positivamente en el conocimiento, la calidad y la higiene del sueño adolescente; apostando por el ejercicio de fuerza, a intensidades submáximas y alejadas en la medida posible de la hora de dormir (AU)

Sports habits are essential for the sleep of the adolescent in the high school. This study analyses the influence of sports practice on three variables: sleep knowledge, sleep quality and sleep hygiene. The 145 adolescents (M = 16.72; SD = 0.74) in the sample reported low sleep knowledge (SBS = 12.04), poor sleep quality (AYA-PSQI-S = 8.36) and improvable sleep hygiene (ASHSr = 4.26). However, 83.6% of physically active students showed higher total scores on all three variables, assuming significant differences (p < 0.05) in sleep duration and sleep efficiency compared to sedentary students. Moreover, exercise prevents poor sleep quality and enhance sleep hygiene. On the other hand, high intensity of physical activity correlates with better performance in the sleep duration dimension and a higher self-concept, considering that late practice hours are negatively related to dinner time, delaying rest. The sporting habit has a positive influence on the sleep knowledge, quality and hygiene of adolescents, betting on strength exercise, at submaximal intensities and as far as possible away from bedtime (AU)

Analysis of the contribution of sport events to sustainable development: Impacts, support and resident's perception.

The current study intends to evaluate the link between the affects observed by citizens on athletic events, the perception of their contribution to municipalities' sustainable development, and support for their celebration. A total of 2049 inhabitants from the Valencian Community's three provincial capitals (Spain) took part in this study, which used a stratified random sample with proportionate allocation. The causal association model fit well, with RMSEA = 0.044, NNFI = 0.94, CFI = 0.95, and IFI = 0.95. The study's findings demonstrate that residents' perceptions of the positive and negative impacts caused by sporting events in their communities are an antecedent that explains how these events contribute to sustainable urban development. A positive relationship between perceived sustainable development and support for the hosting of sport events in these localities was also found. These results highlight the need to promote sustainable management development of any sporting event to increase local support from the residents.

Entrepreneurship and Resilience in Spanish Sports Clubs: A Cluster Analysis.

Entrepreneurial orientation can be an effective response by sports clubs to manage a recession, such as the COVID-19 crisis. Therefore, its study can be fundamental to understand different ways of managing a recession. This study analyzes the entrepreneurial orientation of Spanish non-profit sports clubs to identify different groups and their profiles. The sample is composed of 145 Spanish non-profit sports clubs. Different validated scales have been used to analyze entrepreneurial orientation, business model adaptation, service quality, and economic and social performance (performance in social impact and performance in social causes). Entrepreneurial orientation is the variable used to differentiate the groups. This is made up of three dimensions: innovation, risk-taking, and proactivity. According to the results obtained, there are three groups of sports clubs according to their entrepreneurial orientation: non-entrepreneurs (n = 11), moderate entrepreneurs (n = 85), and strong entrepreneurs (n = 45). There are substantial differences between the three groups according to the adaptation of the business model, the perceived impact of COVID-19, and the returns analyzed. Strong entrepreneurs have considerably higher levels of business model adaptation, economic performance, social performance, and perceived service quality than non-entrepreneurs. Theoretical and practical implications have been drawn that can bring new information to the sports and organizational sector. For example, the diagnosis of the different profiles according to the level of entrepreneurship can be useful to propose strategies to improve performance. In this way, it can help to evaluate the return on the investment made by sponsors or governments in the organization.

Amateur Runners' Commitment: An Analysis of Sociodemographic and Sports Habit Profiles.

The aim of this work is to analyse the commitment to running among urban runners by identifying groups regarding commitment to this sport and by defining their sociodemographic profile and their sports habits. A sample of 1806 participants in popular urban races in the city of Valencia was interviewed using an 11-item questionnaire on commitment to running, sociodemographic characteristics, and sports habits. The psychometric properties of the running-commitment scale allowed for the identification of two factors in commitment to running: enthusiasm for running (6 items) and affliction from running (5 items). Subsequently, a cluster analysis combining hierarchical and non-hierarchical methods was performed, identifying three groups of runners: highly committed (n = 650), moderately committed (n = 749), and slightly committed (n = 407). Highly committed runners positively rate all aspects of running enthusiasm (M = 4.15), while moderately committed runners show a more neutral attitude (M = 3.41) and slightly committed runners disagree on these aspects (M = 2.41). Both highly (M = 1.32) and moderately (M = 2.04) committed runners disagree on the affliction-related aspects of running, while slightly committed runners show a trend towards neutrality on some affliction indicators. The variables referring to age, level of studies, sports habits, and running addiction contributed to differentiating the identified groups.

Sporting Habits of Urban Runners: Classification According to Their Motivation.

This study analyses the sporting habits of runners participating in short-distance urban running events to identify groups with different motivations towards the practice of endurance running and participation in urban running events. A sample consisting of 937 participants in the Valencia running circuit was interviewed using a questionnaire consisting of a scale of 22 items to analyse their motives for participating in popular races. An exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis was carried out to check the validity of the instrument, and the analysis identified the following four factors into which the indicators were grouped: psychological and physical motives (3 items), social motives and interest in running events (5 items), occupation of time and social recognition (6 items) and competitive and material motives (3 items). Subsequently, a cluster analysis was performed by combining hierarchical and non-hierarchical methods, and the analysis identified the following three groups of runners with different characteristics: individual hedonists (n = 276), enthusiasts (n = 312) and socializing hedonists (n = 349). Enthusiastic runners consider most motives important when participating in running events, individual hedonists consider individual psychological and physical motives important, and socializing hedonists consider personal and social motives and interest in sport important. Variables related to age, educational level, annual income level, frequency of running, how the individuals went out to run and the level of the runners contributed to differentiating the identified groups. The results confirm the heterogeneous nature of urban runners.

Validação de uma escala para a análise das percepções dos moradores sobre o impacto social de um centro esportivo / Validación de una escala para el análisis de las percepciones de los residentes sobre el impacto social de un centro deportivo / Validation of a scale to analyse resident's perceptions of the social impact of a sports centre

O objetivo deste estudo foi validar uma escala para a análise das percepções dos moradores sobre o impacto social de um centro esportivo. Se recolheu uma amostra de 406 moradores do município de Moncada (Valência) com erro de amostragem de ± 4,82. Os moradores responderam a um questionário de 31 itens que incluíram possíveis impactos sociais derivados da presença do complexo esportivo na localidade. A aplicação da análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória reduziu a escala para 28 indicadores distribuídos em sete dimensões de impacto: impacto sociocultural, impacto socioeconômico, impacto na imagem e promoção do município, impacto no desenvolvimento e infraestruturas urbanas, impacto na coesão social, igualdade e equidade, impacto na saúde e impacto nos hábitos e níveis de atividade física. Os resultados permitiram verificar a validade e confiabilidade da escala proposta para o objeto de estudo

La finalidad de este estudio es validar una escala para el análisis de las percepciones de los residentes sobre el impacto social de un centro deportivo. Se recogió una muestra de 406 residentes del municipio de Moncada (Valencia), con un error de muestreo de ±4,82, que contestaron a una encuesta de 31 ítems que recogían posibles impactos sociales derivados de la presencia del centro deportivo en la localidad. La aplicación de análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio redujo la escala a 28 indicadores distribuidos en siete dimensiones de impacto: impacto sociocultural, impacto socioeconómico, impacto en la imagen y la promoción del municipio, impacto en el desarrollo urbano y las infraestructuras, impacto en la cohesión social, igualdad y equidad, impacto sobre la salud e impacto sobre los hábitos y niveles de actividad física. Los resultados permitieron comprobar la validez y fiabilidad de la escala propuesta para el objeto de estudio

The purpose of this study is to validate a scale to analyse residents' perceptions of the social impact of a sports centre. A sample of 406 residents of Moncada, Valencia, was collected with sampling error of ±4.82. They responded to a 31-item survey on potential social impacts of the presence of the sports centre in that town. Exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis reduced the scale to 28 indicators distributed in seven impact dimensions: sociocultural; socioeconomic; image and promotion of the town; urban development and infrastructures; social cohesion; equality and equity; health; and physical activity habits and levels. The results made it possible to check the validity and reliability of the scale proposed for the object of study

Percepción de los residentes sobre el legado de la America’s Cup / Percepção dos moradores sobre o legado da Copa América / Residents perceptions about the legacy of America’s Cup

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las percepciones de los residentes sobre el legado de un gran evento deportivo como es la America’s Cup (AC) celebrada en Valencia en 2007 y 2010. Se utilizó una encuesta compuesta por una escala de 41 ítems que contemplaban diversos legados positivos y negativos agrupados en seis dimensiones: legado socioeconómico; legado en el desarrollo urbano e infraestructuras; legado en la imagen, política y conocimiento; legado deportivo; legado sociocultural; y legado negativo. Se recogió una muestra de 735 residentes con un error de muestreo ±3.6. Los resultados permitieron identificar tres grupos de residentes con percepciones diferentes hacia el legado de la AC: pesimistas (46.9%), indiferentes (38.4%) y optimistas (14.7%). La mayoría de los ciudadanos entrevistados no se mostraba de acuerdo en que este evento deportivo haya generado legados positivos a nivel socioeconómico, en el desarrollo urbano y las infraestructuras, en el deporte y a nivel sociocultural, mientras que se observaba cierta tendencia al acuerdo en algunos legados negativos. Sólo el legado en la imagen, política y conocimiento adquirido por los residentes mostraba una tendencia positiva para la mayoría de los ciudadanos encuestados (AU)

O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar as percepções sobre dos habitantes de uma cidade sobre o legado de um grande evento esportivo (America’s Cup (AC)) realizado em Valencia (Espanha) nos anos de 2007 e 2010. Foi realizada uma entrevista composta por 41 itens que abordavam diversos legados, tanto positivos como negativos, agrupados em seis dimensões: do legado Socioeconômico, do legado do desenvolvimento urbano e infraestruturas, do legado da imagem, do legado político e conhecimento, do legado esportivo, do legado sociocultural e do legado negativo. Foram avaliados 735 habitantes, com um erro amostral de +3.6. Os resultados permitiram identificar três grupos de habitantes com percepções diferentes do legado do AC: pessimistas (46,9%), indiferentes (38,4%) e otimistas (14,7%). Grande parte dos entrevistados não se mostrou de acordo com que este evento esportivo tenha gerado legados positivos nas questões socioeconômicas, no desenvolvimento urbano e infraestruturas, no esporte e no âmbito sociocultural, enquanto se observou uma tendência concordando com alguns legados negativos. Apenas o legado de imagem, política e conhecimento adquirido pelos habitantes mostrava uma tendência positiva para a maioria dos entrevistados (AU)

The aim of this study was to analyze the residents perception about the legacy of a major sport event like the America’s Cup (AC) held in Valencia in 2007 and 2010 a survey consisting of a scale of 41 items with several positive and negative legacies for six dimensions was used: socioeconomic legacy; legacy in urban development and infrastructure; legacy image, politics and knowledge; sporting legacy; sociocultural legacy; and negative legacy. A sample of 735 residents representing a sampling error of ±3.6 was collected. The results identified three groups of residents with different perceptions of the legacy of AC: pessimists (46.9%), indifferent (38.4%) and optimists (14.7%). Most of those interviewed showed not agree that this sporting event has generated positive socioeconomic legacies, urban development and infrastructure, in sport and sociocultural level, while a tendency was observed to agree on some legacies negative. Only the legacy image, politics and knowledge acquired by residents showed a positive trend for the majority of citizens surveyed (AU)

Análisis de la relación entre los beneficios y los costes percibidos y la satisfacción del residente con la celebración de un evento deportivo: efecto mediador del valor percibido / Analysis of the relationship between benefits and perceived costs and resident satisfaction with holding a sporting event: mediating effect of perceived value

El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar las relaciones entre los beneficios y los costes percibidos por los residentes con el valor percibido y la satisfacción general sobre la celebración de la Barcelona World Race, así como contrastar el efecto mediador del valor percibido entre los beneficios y los costes y la satisfacción. La muestra recogida para el estudio fue de 297 residentes. El instrumento de medida lo componen 27 ítems que recogen los posibles beneficios y costes asociados al evento, el valor percibido y la satisfacción con la celebración del evento. Se observó una relación positiva entre los beneficios socioeconómicos y socioculturales y el valor percibido de la BWR y una relación negativa entre los costes percibidos y el valor percibido, mientras que éste está relacionado positivamente con la satisfacción general. Se comprobó el efecto mediador del valor percibido entre los beneficios socioculturales percibidos y la satisfacción general con la acogida del evento, mientras que es de carácter parcial entre los costes percibidos y la satisfacción

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the perceived benefits and costs by residents with the perceived value and overall satisfaction with holding the Barcelona World Race (BWR) event, as well as to contrast the mediating effect of perceived value between the benefits and costs and satisfaction. The research study includes a sample of 297 residents. The measuring instrument comprises 27 items that reflect the potential benefits and costs associated with the event, the perceived value and satisfaction with the event. A positive relationship between socioeconomic and sociocultural benefits and perceived value of BWR and a negative relationship between perceived costs and perceived value was observed, whereas this one is related positively with the overall satisfaction. The mediating effect of the perceived value was verified between the sociocultural perceived benefits and the general satisfaction with the host of the event, meanwhile it has a partial role between the perceived costs and the satisfaction

Percepción de los visitantes sobre el impacto social y sus intenciones con respecto a la celebración de un evento deportivo de pequeña escala / Visitors' perception on the social impact and intentions regarding holding a small-scale sporitng event

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la percepción de los visitantes, residentes y no residentes, que acudieron al Valencia Boat Show en 2014 sobre los impactos sociales y sus intenciones con respecto a las próximas ediciones, así como conocer qué impactos son los mejores predictores de las preferencias de los visitantes. Se estudió una muestra de 757 visitantes mediante una encuesta compuesta de 14 ítems que recogían posibles impactos positivos y negativos derivados de la celebración del evento así como las intenciones de los visitantes. Los resultados del análisis factorial exploratorio permitieron identificar cuatro factores en los que se agruparon los ítems: impactos positivos tangibles (4 ítems), impactos positivos intangibles (4 ítems), impactos negativos (3 ítems) e intenciones de los visitantes (3 ítems). Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la percepción de los visitantes residentes y no residentes sobre los impactos positivos tangibles y los impactos negativos. El modelo de relaciones permitió comprobar la existencia de una relación positiva significativa entre los impactos intangibles y las intenciones de los visitantes, y negativa con los impactos negativos y las intenciones

The aim of this study was to analyse the visitors' perception, residents and non-residents who attended the Valencia Boat Show in 2014, on the social impacts, and their intentions with respect to future editions, as well as knowing which impacts are the best predictors of visitors' preferences. A sample of 757 visitors was examined through a survey composed of 14 items that collected potential positive and negative impacts of holding the event as well as visitors' intentions. The results of exploratory factor analysis allowed identification of four factors in which the items were grouped: tangible positive impacts (4 items), intangible positive impacts (4 items), negative impacts (3 items) and visitors' intentions (3 items). Statistically significant differences were found in the residents and non-resident visitors' perception on tangible positive impacts and negative impacts. The relationship model supports the existence of a significant positive relationship between negative intangible impacts and visitors'intentions, and the negative impacts and intentions

Percepción social de la importancia, el impacto y los beneficios esperados de la celebración de los Juegos Mediterráneos de Tarragona en 2017 / Social perceptions of the importance, impact and expected benefits of the mediterranean games to be held in Tarragona in 2017 / Percepção social da importância, impacto e benefícios expectáveis da celebração dos jogos mediterrâneos de tarragona em 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyse the evolution between 2009 and 2010 of residents of Tarragona’s perceptions of the importance, impact and expected benefits of hosting the 2017 Mediterranean Games in Tarragona. A questionnaire was administered to two random samples of residents of Tarragona one year apart. The results showed high percentages of people who felt that this sporting event is either quite important or very important from an economic, social and sporting perspective and that it also has a high local and regional impact, albeit not so much at a national or international level. The residents felt that hosting the Mediterranean Games in Tarragona would be quite a benefit to almost all areas that are influential in a city’s development (infrastructure, tourism, the economy, employment, sports and sports facilities), in addition to the advantages for political groups, athletes, and the organizing committee. The evolution of the two samples was negative for most aspects included in the survey. Lower means and percentages were observed in the ‘quite’ and ‘a lot’ categories for the 2010 sample. The results of this study are useful for events organizers in developing strategies to improve citizens’ involvement, participation and identification with events

La finalidad de este estudio fue analizar la evolución entre los años 2009 y 2010 en la percepción de los tarraconenses sobre el grado de importancia, el impacto y los beneficios esperados de la celebración de los Juegos Mediterráneos de Tarragona en 2017. Se recogieron dos muestras de ciudadanos con un año de diferencia. Los resultados mostraron porcentajes elevados de personas que consideraban que este evento deportivo tiene bastante o mucha importancia económica, social y deportiva, así como una elevada repercusión a nivel local y autonómico, aunque no tan relevante a nivel estatal e internacional. Los tarraconenses consideraron que casi todas las áreas o sectores que influyen en el desarrollo de la ciudad (infraestructuras, turismo, economía, ocupación, práctica deportiva e instalaciones deportivas), los grupos políticos, los deportistas y el comité organizador se beneficiarían bastante o mucho de la celebración de los Juegos Mediterráneos en su ciudad. Asimismo la evolución entre las dos muestras fue negativa para la mayoría de aspectos consultados, observándose medias y porcentajes inferiores en las categorías de bastante y mucho para la muestra de 2010. Los resultados de este estudio son útiles a los organizadores del evento para desarrollar estrategias que permitan mejorar la implicación, participación e identificación de los ciudadanos con el evento

A finalidade deste estudo foi analisar a evolução entre os anos 2009 e 2010 na percepção dos tarraconenses sobre o grau de importância, impacto e benefícios expectáveis da celebração dos Jogos Mediterrâneos de Tarragona em 2017. Foram recolhidas duas amostras de cidadãos com um ano de diferença. Os resultados revelaram percentagens elevadas de pessoas que consideravam que este evento desportivo tem bastante ou muita importância económica, social e desportiva, assim como uma elevada repercussão a nível local e na comunidade autónoma, embora não tão relevante a nível estatal e internacional. Os tarraconenses consideraram quase todas as áreas ou sectores que influem no desenvolvimento da cidade (infraestruturas, turismo, economia, ocupação, prática desportiva e instalações desportivas), os grupos políticos, os desportistas e o comité organizador beneficiariam bastante ou muito da celebração dos Jogos Mediterrâneos na sua cidade. Contudo, a evolução entre as duas amostras foi negativa para a maioria dos aspectos analisados, observando-se médias e percentagens inferiores nas categorias bastante e muito para a amostra de 2010. Os resultados deste estudo são úteis aos organizadores do evento para que possam desenvolver estratégias que permitam melhorar a implicação, participação e identificação dos cidadãos com o evento

Análisis de la percepción de los residentes sobre el impacto cultural y deportivo de un Gran Premio de Fórmula 1 / Análise da percepção dos residentes sobre o impacto cultural e desportivo de um grande prêmio de fórmula 1 / Analysis of resident's perception on the cultural and sport impact of a formula 1 grand prix

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la percepción de los residentes sobre el impacto cultural y deportivo del Gran Premio de Europa de Fórmula 1. Se realizó un análisis clúster, combinando métodos jerárquicos y no jerárquicos, que permitió encontrar tres grupos con percepciones diferentes hacia este evento deportivo: Desfavorables, Desfavorables Moderados y Favorables Moderados. Los residentes consideran de forma mayoritaria que este evento no tiene un impacto considerable a nivel cultural y deportivo. Asimismo, se encontraron diferencias entre los tres grupos de residentes en función del interés por la Fórmula 1, el respaldo al evento, la asistencia y el grado de identificación

O objetivo do estudo é analisar a percepção dos residentes em relação ao impacto cultural e desportivo do Grande Prêmio da Europa de Fórmula 1. Realizou-se uma análise cluster, combinando métodos hierárquicos e não hierárquicos, que permitiu encontrar três grupos com percepções diferentes frente a este evento esportivo: Desfavoráveis, Desfavoráveis Moderados e Favoráveis Moderados. Os residentes consideram em sua maioria que este evento não tem um impacto considerável no nível cultural e esportivo. Também se encontraram diferenças entre os três grupos de residentes em função do interesse pela Fórmula 1, o respaldo ao evento, a assistência e o grau de identificação

The aim of this study is to analyze the resident's perception about the cultural and sport impact of European Formula 1 Grand Prix. Cluster analysis was performed by combining hierarchical and nonhierarchical methods, which allowed us to differentiate three groups with different perceptions towards sporting event: Unfavorable, Moderate Unfavorable and Moderate Favorable. Most residents believe that this event has no significant impact to cultural and sporting level. Also, differences were found between the three groups of residents in the interest of Formula 1, the support for the event, attendance and the degree of identification